The crime of bank employees is usually committed with financial motivation, such as money laundering, embezzlement, bank robbery, document forgery, etc., which leaves negative effects on the banking system. Court cases in Afghanistan also show that bank employees have committed various crimes amounting to hundreds of millions of US dollars. This high rate of crime has exposed the Afghan banking system to a serious threat. Therefore, the analysis and investigation of bank employees' crime prevention based on Ronald Clark's four techniques (increasing effort, increasing the risk of committing a crime, reducing the benefits of crime and eliminating excuses) is of great importance in the banking system of Afghanistan. The technique of increasing the effort and effort to commit crime: Clark has put five strategies under this technique, two of which (hardening the purpose of the crime and controlling the tools that facilitate the crime) are used in preventing the crime of Afghan bank employees. For example, in order to make it difficult for employees to commit crimes, the Afghan banking system has obliged them to report to their superiors and register their assets in the asset registration department. But in the field of controlling the tools that facilitate employees' delinquency, it has not made an effective effort. For example, he has not paid serious attention to the financial situation and salary increase of employees, which has an effective role in preventing their crime.
The technique of increasing the risks of crime: Clark considers this technique to include a surveillance solution such as formal, natural, etc. surveillance. When establishing banking laws, the Afghan legislator has considered all the solutions of this technique in order to prevent the crime of bank employees. For example, in the first step, despite the inspection by the central bank, the banks have been obliged to create an internal review unit, supervise employees, etc. Then, he emphasized on effective preventive measures such as adopting short-term approaches such as forming a mentoring room, changing network passwords, etc., that the application of this technique has been able to prevent the crime of bank employees to a large extent.
The technique of reducing the benefits and proceeds of crime: Clark has put four solutions under this technique, according to the banking laws of Afghanistan, two of them (removing the purpose of the crime and depriving the person of benefits) are used in the prevention of crime in Afghanistan. has it. For example, in order to prevent the crime of bank employees, nepotism is prohibited in Afghan banks. This means that in this way the employees are deprived of their benefits and the amount of their crime should be reduced.
The fourth technique is the elimination of excuses. In the Afghan system, the training and empowerment of bank employees has been emphasized. But an important issue that can be investigated in this technique is that the banking system of Afghanistan should, like the banking system of other countries, develop codes of conduct for employees in order to reduce their crime rate.
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